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According to Freedom House, "The unicameral Legislative Council has no political standing independent of the sultan, who appoints its 33 members. Brunei has not held direct legislative elections since 1962."
References:
Freedom House, "Freedom in the World 2023: Brunei"
https://freedomhouse.org/country/brunei/freedom-world/2023 +
According to Article 86 of the 1879 Constitution of the Principality of Bulgaria: "The ordinary National Assembly is composed of Deputies, chosen by direct popular election, in the proportion of one representative for 10,000 individuals of either sex. The Deputies are chosen for a term of three years. The electors are all Bulgarian subjects over twenty-one years of age, and in the enjoyment of civil and political rights. Any Bulgarian subject who enjoys civil and political rights, is over thirty years of age, and can read and write, may be chosen Deputy. A special electoral law will regulate the proceedings of the elections."
Under the [[Probable year:: 1991]] Constitution Article 42, every citizen above the age of 18 is free to participate in elections of state and local authorities and in referendums (Constitute Project, "Bulgaria's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1991]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2015]]" ).
References:
1879 Constitution of the Principality of Bulgaria: English translation of the Bulgarian original text of the Constitution of 1879 6 (2014) Chapter XIV: The Ordinary National Assembly: https://heinonline-org.proxygw.wrlc.org/HOL/Page?collection=cow&handle=hein.cow/zzbg0031&id=7&men_tab=srchresults
1991 Bulgaria Constitution: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bulgaria_2015?lang=en. +
Articles 3-5 of the 1959 Constitution of Upper Volta discussed voting rights. Article 3 stated that "The Republic of Upper Volta is democratic. Its principle is: government of the people, by the people and for the people." Article 4 asserted the location of sovereignty in the people as a whole: "Sovereignty belongs to the people. No section of the people, nor any individual may arrogate its exercise." Article 5 treated the universality of suffrage: "The people exercise their sovereignty by their representatives. Suffrage is universal, equal and secret. All citizens, of both sexes, of majority, enjoying their civil and political rights, are electors."
Under Article 33 of Title II in the 1991 Constitution of Burkina Faso, as revised in 2015, suffrage is direct or indirect and is universal, equal and secret (Constitute Project, “Burkina Faso's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1991]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2015]]” ).
References:
English Translation of the French Official Original Text of the Constitution of 1959 3-4 (2021)
Title I: Of the State and of Sovereignty: https://heinonline-org.proxygw.wrlc.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.cow/zzbf0033&id=3&collection=cow&index=
1991 Constitution of Burkina Faso 1991 as revised in 2015: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Burkina_Faso_2015 +
Under Article 8 of Title I, of The State and of The Sovereignty of The People, all Brudians are granted universal suffrage if they are 18 years of age (Constitute Project, “Burundi's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 2005]]” ). Women gained the right to vote in Burundi in 1961. (Ramirez et.al. 1997,
References:
"Burundi 2005 Constitution": https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Burundi_2005
Ramirez, Francisco O, Yasemin Soysal, and Suzanne Shanahan. “The Changing Logic of Political Citizenship: Cross-National Acquisition of Women’s Suffrage Rights, 1890 to 1990.” American Sociological Review 62.5 (1997): 744. +
Article 48 of the 1947 Cambodia Constitution stated: "Any Cambodian citizen, who is fully 20 years old is an
elector, provided that he is not deprived of his civil rights and that he fulfills the conditions determined by the Electoral Law. Soldiers and officers on the active list can neither be electors nor eligible. It is the same for the monks on account of the Buddhist dogmas."
Khmer citizens 18 years or older are granted the right to vote through universal suffrage under Article 34 of the 1993 Constitution.
References:
1947 Cambodia Constitution: Advocatetanmoy Law Library. https://advocatetanmoy.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/cambodia-constitution-1947.pdf
1993 Cambodia Constitution as revised up to 1999: https://pressocm.gov.kh/en/archives/9539 +
According to the 1961 Constitution: "National sovereignty shall be vested in the Cameroonian People, which shall exercise such sovereignty either through its deputies in the Federal Assembly or by way of referendum. No section of the People,
nor any individual, may assume the exercise thereof. The vote shall be equal and secret; all citizens who have attained the age of twenty-one years shall participate therein."
Under Part I, The State and Sovereignty, Article 2 of the current Cameroon Constitution, voting is equal, secret and by universal suffrage. It is granted to every citizen 20 years of age and older (Constitute Project, “Cameroon's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1972]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2008]]” ).
References:
1961 Constitution of Cameroon: https://condor.depaul.edu/mdelance/images/Pdfs/Federal%20Constitution%20of%20Cameroon.pdf
1972 Constitution of Cameroon as revised up to 2008: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Cameroon_2008?lang=en +
In [[Probable year:: 1876]], only men who were 21 years of age or older, and who owned property were able to vote in federal elections. In [[Probable year:: 1918]] Canadian women were given the right to vote in federal elections if they met the same eligibility criteria as men. The [[Probable year:: 1982]] The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms affirms the right of every Canadian citizen to vote and to stand as a candidate (Elections Canada, “A Brief History of Federal Voting Rights in Canada”).
References:
Elections Canada, “A Brief History of Federal Voting Rights in Canada”: https://electionsanddemocracy.ca/voting-rights-through-time-0/brief-history-federal-voting-rights-canada +
Under Chapter II, Rights, Liberties and Guarantees in Political Participation, Article 54 of the Cape Verde Constitution all citizens at least 18 years of age have the right to vote and participate in political life directly and through freely elected representatives (Constitute Project, “Cape Verde's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1980]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 1992]]” ).
References:
Cape Verde's Constitution of 1980 with Amendments through 1992: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Cape_Verde_1992 +
Article 18 of the 1994 Constitution reads as follows: "The principle of the Republic is: “Government of the people, by the people, and for the people”. The national sovereignty belongs to the people who exercise it directly by means of referendum or indirectly by their representatives. No faction of the people nor any individual may assume its exercise. The usurpation of the national sovereignty by a coup d’état or by other means constitutes an unmentionable crime against the Central African people. Any person or third party who would accomplish such acts will have declared war on the Central African people. The right to vote is guaranteed to all adult citizens of either sex in possession of their civil and political rights."
References:
Constitution of the Central African Republic, Adopted on 28 December 1994, promulgated on 14 January 1995: https://g7plus.fd.uc.pt/pdfs/CentralAfricanRepublic.pdf +
Universal suffrage is granted directly or indirectly and is equal and secret for those 18 years of age or older under Title I, Of the State and Of Sovereignty, Article 6 of the Constitution of Chad. Women could legally vote in Chad beginning in 1956.
References:
2018 Chad Constitution: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Chad_2018?lang=en
Ramirez, Francisco O, Yasemin Soysal, and Suzanne Shanahan. “The Changing Logic of Political Citizenship: Cross-National Acquisition of Women’s Suffrage Rights, 1890 to 1990.” American Sociological Review 62.5 (1997): 744. +
The Constitution of Chile, Chapter II, Nationality and Citizenship, Article 13 grants those Chileans the right to vote "who have reached the age of eighteen years and who have never been sentenced to afflictive punishment.". (Constitute Project, “Chile's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1980]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2021]]” ). Women were legally entitled to vote in Chile beginning in 1949.
References:
1980 Chile Constitution with revisions up to 2021: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Chile_2021
Ramirez, Francisco O, Yasemin Soysal, and Suzanne Shanahan. “The Changing Logic of Political Citizenship: Cross-National Acquisition of Women’s Suffrage Rights, 1890 to 1990.” American Sociological Review 62.5 (1997): 744. +
Though suffrage was predicated on a number of qualifications with reference to judgments of personal characteristics such as literacy and character, the 1908 Memorial and Edict on Constitutional Government refers to a right to vote, even if in terms of when it cannot be claimed: "Those who have not been residents of their native places for one year or more before the time of election shall not have the right to vote or to stand as candidates."
Under Chapter II, The Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens, Article 34 all citizens 18 years of age have the right to vote and stand for election without discrimination. (Constitute Project, “China (People’s Republic of)'s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1982]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2018]]” ).
References:
English translation of the Edict of 1908 191 (2012) Memorial and Edict on
Constitutional Government, August 27, 1908
https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?collection=cow&handle=hein.cow/zzcn0021&id=3&men_tab=srchresults
China (People’s Republic of) 1982 (rev. 2018): https://constituteproject.org/constitution/China_2018 +
Under Title III, Chapter II, all citizens 18 years of age have the right to vote in all elections. In addition, an Act may grant Alien’s who reside in Colombia the right to vote in municipal and district level elections. (Constitute Project, “Colombia’s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1991]] with revisions through [[Probable year:: 2015]]” ). +
According to Title I, Article 4, suffrage can be indirect or direct and is universal, equal and secret. All Comorians of either sex who are in possession of their civi and political rights may vote as provided for by the statute. (Constitute Project, "Comoros's Constitution of [[Probable year:: 2001]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2009]]" ). +
According to Title VIII, Chapter II, all birthright citizens 18 years or older and naturalized citizens, 12 months or greater after naturalization, have the right to suffrage facilities. (Constitute Project, “Costa Rica’s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1949]] with revisions through [[Probable year:: 2020]]) . +
Under Title II, Article 45, all birthright citizens 18 years or older, have access to universal, and equal suffrage through secret and direct ballots to determine the Croatian Parliament, President of the Republic of Croatia, and the European Parliament. (Constitute Project, “Croatia’s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1991]] with revisions through [[Probable year:: 2013]]) . +
Article 205 of Cuba’s Constitution states that voting is the right of all Cuban citizens over the age of 16 unless they have been judicially disqualified to vote. Article 104 states that the National Assembly of the People’s Power is made up of representatives elected via direct, free, and secret elections. Additionally, Article 126 states that the President is elected by similar principles. (Constitute Project, “Cuba’s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 2019]]) . +
Under Article 63, Part II, all birthright citizens at the age of 18 years or older are eligible to be electors in either the Greek or Turkish electoral list based on their own nationality. Within each list the elector may vote for their respective representative. (Constitute Project, “Cyprus’ Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1960]] with revisions through [[Probable year:: 2013]]) . +
According to Chapter I, Article 56, all citizens at the age of 18 years or older have a right to direct and universal voting. Under Chapter 2, this voting is done by secret ballot and is based on proportional representation. (Constitute Project, “Czech Republic’s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 1993]] with revisions through [[Probable year:: 2013]]) . +
Section II Sovereignty, Article 5 establishes the conditions of organization of the elections and of the referendum. Suffrage is universal, equal, secret and can be direct or indirect. Without prejudice to the provisions of article 70, 102 and 106 all Congolese of both sexes, of 18 years of age, and enjoying their civil and political rights are electors and eligible. (Constitute Project, “Congo (Democratic Republic of the)'s Constitution of [[Probable year:: 2005]] with Amendments through [[Probable year:: 2011]]” ). +